Àù¯gªº§Î¦¨ ( Carcinogenesis )
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1)
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¡uÀù¡vì¤åCancer¡A¬J¥i¥Hªí¥ÜÀù¯g¡A¤S¥i¥Hªí¥Ü¥¨ÃÉ®y¡A³£¬O¨Ó¦Û©Ô¤B»y¤¤ªí¥ÜÃɪº
Cancer ©Î Cancrum¡C¥j§ÆþªºÂå¾Ç®a Galen «ü¥X¬Y¨Ç¸~½FµÈ°_ªº¦åºÞ´N¹³ÃÉ脚¤@¼Ë¡C³oºØ»¡ªk³Q±a¨ì¤F^°ê¡A¦b^»y¤¤¡ACancer©ó1000¦~¶}©l¥Î¨Óªí¥ÜÀù¯g¡A¦Óªí¥Ü¥¨ÃÉ®y«hn¨ì1391¦~¤F¡C¥»¨Óªº·N¸q¡A¬O«ü¿ÀÃɾî¦æ¡A§Y¬O¤£¿í´`¤@©wªºy¸ñ¡A¤£ªu¤@©wªº¸ô®|¦V«e¶i¦æªº·N«ä¡C²³æªº»¡¡AÀù¯g¬O¨Ó¦Û¤HÅ饿±`ªº²ÓM¡A¦]¥~¨ÓªºPÀù¦]¤l¨ë¿E¡A©Î¤º¥Í©Êªº°ò¦]¬ðÅÜ¡A¥X²{¬ðÅÜ¡AÅܦ¨¤@Ó²§±`²ÓM ( ¸~½F²ÓM
)¡A¤£¨ü¦Û«ß©Ê¬ù§ôªº²§±`¦a¦Û§Ú½Æµõ¡B¤Àµõ¡A¥¢±±¦Ó§Ö³t¼Wªø¡A¥Í²£¤j¶qªº¸~½F²ÓM¡A³Ì«á§Î¦¨¸~½F¡A¤£Â_«I¥Ç¥H¤Î½¯©µ¡A©M¥¿±`²ÓM²Õ´ª§¹Ü©Ò»Ýªº¾i¤À¡A²ÓMÁÙ·|¦V©P³òÂX´²¤Î¯}Ãa·í¦a²Õ´¡A¨Ï±o¾¹©x¥X²{Ãa¦º¡B¼ìºÅ¤Î¥X¦å¡A¥BÃø¥H¤î¦å©M¡¦X¡C
´N¦p¦b¾Ç®Õ¸Ìªº¤@Ӿǥ͡A¦]¦Û§Ú¬ðµM§ïÅÜ¡B©Î¨ü¨ä¥LÃa¤H¼vÅT¡AÅܦ¨¤@ÓÃa¾Ç¥Í¡A¦A¥h¼vÅT¨ä¥L¤H¡Aº¥º¥¥þ¯Z¤]¦¨¬°Ãa¾Ç¥Í¡A¦A¼vÅT¥þ¯Å¡A³Ì«á¾ã©Ò¾Ç®Õ³£¬OÃa¾Ç¥Í¡A¤@µo¤£¥i¦¬¬B¡C
¤Ḫɱ`§âÀù¯g»P¡u¸~½F¡v ( Tumor ) »{¬°¬O¤@¼Ëªº¦Wµü¡A¨ä¹ê¨âªÌ¬O¤£ºÉ¬Û¦Pªº¡AÀù¯g¬O¤@ºØ´c©Ê¸~½F¡A¦Ó¸~½F«h¬O¥]¬A¡u¨}©Ê¸~½F¡v( Benign Tumor ) »P¡u´c©Ê¸~½F¡v(
Malignant Tumor )¡C
¨}©Ê¸~½F¨ä¥Íªø³t«×½wºC¡A¦³ªº¥Íªø¦Ü¤@©w®É´Á·|°±¤î¥Íªø¡A¨Ò¦p¯×ªÕ½F¡A¦³©úÅ㪺¬É¡B¥]½¤§¹¾ã¡B¤£¦V¥~ÂX±i¡A¤j¦h¤£·|¼vÅT¤H¤§¥Í©R¡C¤Ö¼Æ¨}©Ê¸~½F¦b¤@©w±ø¥ó¤U¥i¯à·|³vº¥ÂàÅܬ°´c©Ê¸~½F¡C
Àù¯g´N¬O´c©Ê¸~½F¡A¨ä¥Íªø¨³³t¡B«I¥Ç©P³ò²Õ´¡BµL©úÅã¬É¡B½è¦a°íµw¡BµL¥]½¤»P¥¿±`²Õ´¤À¬É¤£²M¡A°£¤FÅé¿nªø¤j¥~¡A²ÓMÁÙ·|¦V©P³òÂX´²¤Î¯}Ãa·í¦a²Õ´¡A±ß´Á¦b¬Y¤@¾¹©x¥X²{Ãa¦º¡B¼ìºÅ¤Î¥X¦å¡A¥BÃø¥H¤î¦å©M¡¦X¡C
ÁÙ¦³¡AÀù¯g¨ä¹ê¨Ã¤£¬O¤@ºØ¯e¯fªº¯S§O¦WºÙ¡A¦Ó¬O¤@Ãþ¾Ö¦³¦hºØ¬Û¦P¯S©Ê¯e¯fªº¦WºÙ¡C
2)
Àù¯gªº§Î¦¨( Carcinogenesis
)¡G
2.1)
°ò¥»¸Ñå¾Ç ( Basic Anatomy )¡G
2.1.1) ²ÓM (
Cell )¡G
¾Ú¦ôp¡A¤HÅé¦Ü¤Ö¥Ñ¤Q¥ü¥H¤Wªº²ÓM²Õ¦¨¡C¨Åé´N¦p¤@Ó°ê®a¡A²ÓM´N¬O°ê¥Á¡C³o°ê®a¦³Á`²Î ( §A¦Û¤w )¡A¦³x¶¤ ( §K¬Ì¨t²Î¡GImmune system )¡B°ê¬É ( ¥Ö½§¡GSkin )¡B³q°Tºôµ¸ ( ¯«¸g¨t²Î¡GNervous system )¡B¿é°eºôµ¸ ( ´`Àô¨t²Î¡GCirculation
System ) µ¥¡C¨C¤@Ó°ê¥Á¦³¤£¦PªºÅé¿n¡B§Îª¬¡B¥\¯à¡A¥B¦í©ó¤£¦Pªº¦a¤è¡A¦³¦í¦b¤Q¤ÀÁc¦£º³£ªº ( ¸£³¡¡GBrain )¡A¦³¦í¦b¥ð¶¢¥¥~ªº ( ¸}³k¡GToe )¡C°ß¦³¨C¤@Ó°ê¥Á©¾¤ß¦a¤u§@¡A°ê®a¤~¨É¦³Ácºa¤Î¦w©w¡C
2.1.2) ²Õ´ (
Tissue )¡G
¨C¤@Ó°ê¥Áªº¤@¥Í³£¥u¦³¬Y¤@¯S©wªºÂ¾·~¡A¥Ã¤£§ïÅÜ¡A¥B±M¤ßºÉ¾ªº¥h¤u§@¡A¤@ª½¨ì¦º¤`¡C¤@¸s¦P¤@¾·~ªº°ê¥Á«K¦¨¬°¤@Ó²Õ´¡C¦P¤@²Õ´ªº°ê¥Á¦³¤@¨Ç¨Ã«D¦í©ó¦P¤@°Ï°ì¡A¦ý¥LÌ«o°õ¦æµÛ¦P¤@ªº¥ô°È¡C¤HÅ馳¥|¤j¥Dn²Õ´¡A¤W¥Ö²Õ´ ( Epithelial
Tissue )¡B³s±µ²Õ´ ( Connective Tissue )¡B¦Ù¦×²Õ´ ( Muscle Tissue
)¡B¯«¸g²Õ´ ( Nervous Tissue )¡CÀù¯g¤]¬O°ò©ó³o¨Ç²Õ´¯fµoªº¦ì¸m¦Ó©w¦W ( °Ñ¨£ªþ¿ý¤@ )¡C
2.1.3) ¾¹©x¤Î¾¹©x¨t²Î ( Organ & Organ System )¡G
¦hÓ°õ¦æµÛ¦P¤@¥ô°Èªº²Õ´²Õ¦¨¤@Ó¾¹©x¡A¦hÓ°õ¦æµÛ¦P¤@ªº¥ô°Èªº¾¹©x²Õ¦¨¾¹©x¨t²Î¡C¤HÅ馳¤Q¤j¾¹©x¨t²Î¡A¨C¤@¾¹©x¨t²Î¤Î¨ä±`¨£ªºÀù¯g³¡¦ì ( °Ñ¨£ªþ¿ý¤G )¡C
2.1.4)
¦³µ·¤Àµõ ( Mitosis )¡G
¨ÅéÀH®É³£¦b¤Àµõ·sªº²ÓM¡A¦P®É¤]¦³³\¦h²ÓM¦º¥h¡A¨C¤@Ó²ÓM³£ª¾¹D¦ó®É¶i¦æ¤Àµõ¡C¯«¸g²ÓM·|¦ñ§A¤@¥Í¡A¦ý¸z¹D²ÓM¼Æ¤p®É«K¤Àµõ¤@¦¸¡A¹Ø©R¥u¦³¬ù36¤p®É¡C¨C¤@²ÓM¤º¦³²ÓM®Ö¡A¨ä¤¤¦³¤@Ó¤À¤l±K«×¸û°ªªº°Ï°ìºÙ¬°¡u®Ö¤¯¡v( Nucleus )¡A¬O²ÓMªº¸£³U¡A¬O½Õ¸`²ÓM¤@¤Á¬¡°Êªº±±¨î¤¤¤ß¡A§t¤j¶qªº¡u®Ö¿}®Ö»Ä¡v¡]Ribonucleic Acid: RNA¡^¡A¨ä¾lªº®Ö½è ( Nucleoplasm ) ³¡¤À«h´²§GµÛ¬V¦â½è ( Chromatin )¡A¬V¦â½è§t¿ò¶Çª«½è¡u²æ®ñ®Ö¿}®Ö»Ä¡v( Deoxyribonucleic
Acid: DNA )¡A¦b²ÓM¤Àµõ«e¡A¬V¦â½è·|¾®¶°¦¨¬V¦âÅé ( Chromosome )¡C¤G¤Q¤T¹ïªº¬V¦âÅé¡A¬O¥Í©RªºÂŹϡA¦Ó¨C¹ï¬V¦âÅé¥Ñ¨â±øD.N.A. ¤À¤l°t±µ¦Ó¦¨¡A³s¦¨ÂùÁ³±Ûªºµ²ºc¡A²Õ¦¨DNAªº³æ¦ì¡A´N¬OµL¼Æªº¿ò¶Ç°ò¦] ( Gene )¡CÀù²ÓMªº®Ö¤¯¤ñ¥¿±`²ÓMªº®Ö¤¯n¨Ó±o¤j¡B¬¡©Ê¸û°ª¡A¦Ó¥B¤À¤l²Õ¦¨¤]¤£¦P¡C·í¤@²ÓM¶}©l¤Àµõ®É¡AÂùÁ³±Û«K¤@¤À¬°¤G¡A¶}©l¦Û§Ú½Æ¨î¡A¦¨¬°¨âÓ§¹¥þ¤@¼Ëªº²ÓM¡A³o´N¬O²ÓMªº¦³µ·¤Àµõ¡C
¥¿±`±¡ªp¤U³o¨Ç²ÓMªº¤Àµõ©M¼Wªøªº¹Lµ{¡B¥Í²z¡B¥Í¤Æ¥\¯à¡B¼Wªø¹Lµ{ªº¶}©l©Mµ²§ôªº¥Í©R¶g´Á³£¨ü¨ì°ò¦]«D±`ÄYÂÔªº¸`¨î¡A¦b¥Íªø¡B¤Àµõ¡B¤À¤Æ¨ì¤@©wªº¶¥¬q®É¡A¥¦Ì§Y¦b¯S©wªº®É¶¡ÂI¦º¥h¡A¤]´N¬O©Ò¿×¡upµe©Ê²ÓM¦º¤`¡v¡]Programmed cell death¡^¡A©ÎºÙ¡u²ÓMä¤`¡v¡]Apoptosis¡^¡C
2.2)
²ÓM¬ðÅÜ ( Mutation )¡G
¦b²ÓM¦Û§Ú½Æ¨îªº´Á¶¡¡A¦³®É¤]·|¥X²{¿ù»~¡AD.N.A. ªº¤À¤l°t±µ·|©ñ¿ù¦ì¸m©Î¦³¿ò¥¢¡A³oºÙ¬°¡u¬ðÅÜ¡v ( Mutation )¡Cµo¥Í¬ðÅܳq±`¥u¦³¨âÓì¦]¡G°ò©ó¥~¦b¦]¯À¡uPÀù¦]¤l¡v¡B©Î¤º¦b°ò¦]¼vÅT¡C¤HÅ饻¨¦³¾÷¨î¨Ó׸ɳo¨Ç¿ù»~¡A¤@ºØ³QºÙ¬°DNA spell-checkerªº»Ã¯À¡A¤HÅ馳¶W¹L¤G¤QºØDNA
spell-checker¥|³B´M§ä¤Î§@¥X׸ɡA¦ý·í¨ü·l±¡ªpÄY«¨ì¬YºØµ{«×¦ÓµLªk¦Û¦æ×´_ªº®ÉÔ¡A²ÓM«K·|¦Û¦æ±Ò°Ê¤@ºØºÙ¬°¡uµ{¦¡¦º¤`¡vªº¦Û±þ¤ÏÀ³¡A¦¹¥Øªº¦b©óªý¤î²§±`²ÓMÄ~Äò¥Íªø¥H¤Î¤Àµõ¡C
2.3)
Âಾ ( Metastasis)¡G
Àù²ÓM§ó¥i¥HµLÁnµL®§¦a¸g¥Ñ¦å²G¤Î²O¤Úªº´`Àô³~®|¡A¥|³Bl¥Í»·ºÝ¡A³QºÙ¬°¡uÂಾ¡v( Metastasis)¡CÀù²ÓMªºÂX´²¦p¤U¡G
i) §½³¡ÂX´²¡C
ii) ²O¤Ú²Õ´ÂX´²¡A¦p»ó«|ÀùÂX´²¨ìÀV²O¤Ú®Ö¡A¨ÅÀùÂX´²¨ìµÅ²O¤Ú®Ö¡C
iii) ¥Ñ¦å²GÂಾ¨ì¨x¡BªÍ¡B°©¯Þ¡B¸£µ¥¡C
iv) ¥Ñ¸¡µÄ©Î¯ÝµÄÂಾ¨ì¨ä¥¦¾¹©x¡A¦pGÀùÂಾ¨ì¸¡ºô½¤©M§Z±_¡C
2.4)
Àù¯fÅܪº¤TÓµ{§Ç¡G
¥¿±`²ÓMºtÅܦ¨Àù²ÓM¦Ó§Î¦¨Àù¯gºÙ¬°Àù¯fÅÜ (
Carcinogenesis)¡AÀù¯fÅÜ¥i¤À¬°¤TÓµ{§Ç¡G
2.4.1) ªì©l´Á ( Initiation Phase)¡G
¥¿¦p¤Wz©Ò»¡¡A¦b²ÓM¦Û§Ú½Æ¨îªº´Á¶¡¡A¦]¥~¨ÓªºPÀùª«½è¨ë¿E¡u¤Þµo¾¯¡v( Initiator ) ©Î¤º¥Í©Êªº°ò¦]¬ðÅÜ¡A¥X²{¬ðÅÜ¡A¥BµLªk³Q׸ɡA¤SµLªk±Ò°Êµ{¦¡¦Û§ÚºR·´¡A³o«KºÙ¬°¤Þµo¦¨¥\¡A³o¬OÀù¯g¶}©lªº²Ä¤@¨B¡A¨Åé¥X²{²Ä¤@Ó²§±`ªº²ÓM¡C
2.4.2) ¼W¥Í´Á ( Promotion Phase )¡G
¤Þµo¦¨¥\ªº²§±`²ÓM¨Ã¥¼ºâ¬°¸~½F²ÓM¡A¦ý¦b¡u¶Ê¤Æ¾¯¡v( Promoter ) ªº§@¥Î¤U¡A«K·|¦¨¬°¸~½F²ÓM¡C¤Þµo²ÓM»Ýªø´Á³Q¶Ê¤Æ¾¯ªº§@¥Î¤U¡A¤~·|¦¨¬°¸~½F²ÓM¡A¶Ê¤Æ¾¯§ïÅܸ~½F²ÓMªº¯S©Ê¡A¨Ï¥¦ªø¥Í¤£¦º¡C¤@¨ÇPÀùª«½è¦P®É¬O¤Þµo¾¯¤Î¶Ê¤Æ¾¯¡A¥¦Ì³QºÙ¬°¡u§¹¥þPÀùª«½è¡v( Complete
Carcinogen )¡C
2.4.3) ÂX®i´Á ( Progression Phase )¡G
¶Ê¤Æ²ÓM³Q¤@ºØºÙ¬°¡u¶i®i¦]¤l¡v( Progressive Agents ) ªº§@¥Î¤U¡A«K¶}©l¤@ª½¤£°±ªº¦Û§Ú½Æµõ¡B¤Àµõ¡A¥¢±±¦Ó§Ö³t¼Wªø¡A¥Í²£¤j¶qªº¸~½F²ÓM¡A³Ì«á§Î¦¨¸~½F¡A¥|³BÂಾ¡A¨Ï±o¾¹©xµLªk¥¿±`¹B§@¦Ó¾ÉPÓÅ骺¦º¤`¡C³o¤~¬OÀù¯gªºÃöÁä¡A¤@Ó²§±`ªº²ÓM¦¨¥\Åܦ¨¸~½F²ÓM¡A¨Ã¥B¶}©l¤£Â_¡B§Ö³tªº¦Û§Ú½Æ¨î¡C
2.5) ¸~½Fªº¤Ó¶¥¬q¡G
¸~½F¬OºC©Ê¯fÅܪºµ²ªG¡A¯f²z¤À¬°¤Ó¶¥¬q¡A«e¤TÓ¬°¼ç¥ñ´Á¡A«á¨âÓ¬°Åã¥Ü´Á¡A³q±`¦b²Ä¥|´Á¶}©l¡A©úÅ㤣¥¿±`ªº¼xª¬¤~¥X²{¡A¨º®É¤~³Q¯f±wªÌ¹îı±o¨ì²§¼Ë¡C
i) ²Ä¤@´Á¡G»F¦]©Mìµo©Ê¶Ë®`¡A¾¹©x©Î¨t²Î¶}©l¯¿¶Ã¡C
ii) ²Ä¤G´Á¡G¦UºØ¥\¯à¯¿¶Ãªº®É´Á¡C
ii) ²Ä¤T´Á¡G¨Åé±Æ¬r¾÷¯à¤Î¥NÁÂ¥\¯à¥X²{¯¿¶Ã¡Aµo®i¦¨¦UºØ¤£¦PªººC©Ê¯e¯f¡C
ii) ²Ä¥|´Á¡G¥X²{¤@өΦhÓ¤j¤p¤£¦Pªº´c©Ê¸~½F¡C
ii) ²Ä¤´Á ( ¥½´Á )¡G¯f±¡ÄY«´c¤Æ¡A¦hÓ¾¹©x¤Î¨t²Î¨ü¨ì¤£¦Pµ{«×ªº·l®`¡C
3)
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©Ò¥H¤£¤Ö¤HÅ餺³£¦³¸~½F²ÓM¡A¥i¯à¥u¬O¤Ó¤Ö¡A¥¼§Î¦¨¦M®`¦Ó¥¼³Qµo²{¡A¦Ó«Ü¦h¤H¤]¦³©Ò¿×ªºÅÖºû½F©Î¨}©Ê¸~½F¡C¨Æ¹ê«Ü¦h¤H³Qµo²{±w¤WÀù¯g®É¡A¤w¸g¨ì¤F«á´Áªº¶¥¬q¡CÁöµM¤£¤Ö¤H¨Ã«D¦º©óÀù¯g¡A¦ýµo²{¬ù¦³22%ªº¤H¡A¥L̪ºÅ餺¤w¸g¦³¸~½F©ÎÀù²ÓM¡A¥u¬O¦]·N¥~©Î¨ä¥¦¯e¯f¤ñÀù¯g¦¤@¨B¹Ü¥h¥L̪º©Ê©R¦Ó¤w¡C
4)
Àù²ÓMªº¯S½è¡G
i) ¿W¥ß¡G¸ò¨ä¥¦¥¿±`²ÓM¤£¤@¼Ë¡A¸~½F²ÓM¤£³ßÅw³sµ²©ó²Õ´ªí±¡A·í¸~½F²ÓM¦Û¥Ñ¨«°Ê®É§ó¨£§§¤j¡C
ii) ¥Ã¤£¦¨¼ô¡G¥¦Ì¥Ã»·«O«ù¦~«C¤O§§¡A¤£Â_¥Í²£¡C
iii) ¥Ã¤£¦º¤`¡G¥¿±`²ÓM¦b¤Àµõ¤@©wªº¦¸¼Æ«á«K·|¦Ñ¤Æ¤Î¦º¤`¡A¸~½F²ÓM¥Ã¤£¦Ñ¤Æ¤Î¦º¤`¡C
5) ªñ¦~Àù¯gªº±¡ªp¡G
¾Ú¦ôp¡A¤HÅé¨C¤Ñ¬ù¦³´X¨Õ¦Ü´X¸UÓ²ÓMµo¥Í¬ðÅÜ¡A¬ðÅܦ¨¥\«á«K§Î¦¨¸~½F²ÓM¡A¥u¦³¤HÅ骺©è§Ü¤O°÷±j®É¤~¯à±N¥¦Ì¥þ³¡ºR·´¡A¦ý·í§K¬Ì¨t²Î³n®z©Î¥X¤ò¯f®É¡A±¡ªp´N¤£¦P¤F¡C©Ò¥H¤£¤Ö¤HÅ餺³£¦³¸~½F²ÓM¡A¥i¯à¥u¬O¤Ó¤Ö¡A¥¼§Î¦¨¦M®`¦Ó¥¼³Qµo²{¡A¦Ó«Ü¦h¤H¤]¦³©Ò¿×ªºÅÖºû½F¡C¨Æ¹ê¤W¡A«Ü¦h¤H³Qµo²{±w¤WÀù¯g®É¡A¤w¸g¨ì¤F«á´Áªº¶¥¬q¡CÁöµM¤£¤Ö¤H¨Ã«D¦º©óÀù¯g¡A¦ýµo²{¬ù¦³22%ªº¤H¡A¥L̪ºÅ餺¤w¸g¦³¸~½F©ÎÀù²ÓM¡A¥u¬O¦]·N¥~©Î¨ä¥¦¯e¯f¤ñÀù¯g¦¤@¨B¹Ü¥h¥L̪º©Ê©R¦Ó¤w¡C
Àù¯g¦º¤`²v¬Æ°ª¡A¾Ú¬ü°ê°ê®a½Ã¥Í°òª÷·| ( National Sanitation Foundation ) ©M°ê®aÀù¯g¬ã¨s©Ò ( National Cancer Institute: NCI ) ªº¤@¥÷²Îp³ø§iªí©ú¡A¦b¥þ¥@¬É¨C¦~¿©±wÀù¯gªº¬ù¦³500¸U¤H¡C
¤é¥»¦]Àù¯g¦Ó¦º¤`ªº¤H¼Æ³v¦~¼W¥[¡A¦¨¬°¦]¯e¯f¦Ó¦º¤`ªº¤H¼Æº¦ì¡A1981¦~¬°166,399¤H¡A2000¦~¬°295,399¤H¡A©Ò¥H¤é¥»¬F©²¤]´£¥X¡u§JªAÀù¯g¤Q¦~p¹º¡v¡C
¾Ú2001¦~ªº²Îp¡A¥xÆW¥þ¦~¶W¹L¤¸U¤H±w¤WÀù¯g¡A¥§¡¨C11¤ÀÄÁ17¬í«K¦³¤@¤H±w¤WÀù¯f¡A¦Ó1996¦~¥§¡¥u¬O¨C¤@¤p®É¤~¦³¤@¤H±w¤WÀù¯f¡A¤@¦~¦º©óÀù¯gªº¤H¬ù¦ûÁ`¯e¯f¦º¤`¤H¼Æ¥|¤À¤@¡C
¾Ú1998¦~ªº²Îp¡A¬ü°ê¤@¦~°â¥X¤F¶W¹L¤¨Õ»õ²Éªº¤îµh¦¨ÃÄ¡A¥|¤À¤@¤H¦º©óÀù¯g¡A¤T¤À¤@¤H¦º©ó¤ßŦ¯f¡C©ó2001¦~¬ü°ê¦@¦³553,768¤H¦º©óÀù¯g¡A¦û¥þ°ê¯e¯fÁ`¦º¤`¤H¤f22.9%¡A±Æ¦æ¯e¯fP©R±þ¤âº]²Ä¤G¦ì¡A¤ßŦ¯f¬O²Ä¤@¦ì¡C
®Ú¾Ú»´ä½Ã¥Í¸pªº²Îp¡A2002¦~¦³11,658»´ä¤H¦º©óÀù¯g¡A¬O»´äÀY¸¹±þ¤â¡A¦û¥þ´ä¯e¯f¦º¤`Á`¼Æ34,316ªº¤T¤À¤§¤@¡C©ó1981¦~Àù¯g¦û¥þ´ä¯e¯f¦º¤`²v¬°6.35%¡A2002¦~¤É¦Ü8.75%¡C
6)
PÀùª«½è ( Carcinogen )¡G
¬ü°ê¡u°ê®aÀô¹Ò½Ã¥Í¬ì¾Ç¬ã¨s°|¡v( National
Institute of Environmental Health Sciences: NIEHS ) ÁÒ¤U¡u°ê®a¬rª«pµe¡v( National Toxicology Program Report on Carcinogens
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